--

From: owner-stealth-3000gt-digest@list.sirius.com (Team3S Digest)
To: stealth-3000gt-digest@list.sirius.com
Subject: Team3S Digest V1 #79
Reply-To: stealth-3000gt
Sender: owner-stealth-3000gt-digest@list.sirius.com
Errors-To: owner-stealth-3000gt-digest@list.sirius.com
Precedence: bulk


Team3S Digest        Thursday, January 21 1999        Volume 01 : Number 079




----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 23:43:56 +0000
From: "R.G." <robby@swissonline.ch>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Diagnostics Port...

> Roger Gerl is working on something for DOS or Windows computers.

No, the DiagTool is not really PC based as I only took a microcontroller board
and hook up 8 sensors or just read voltages and signals. The readings will then
just be sent out to any PC and then interpreted by a windows-based program. I
haven't fully defined the protocol yet as I currently have problems finding a
MAP sensor on a good price. The first release will not be able to read anything
out of the ECU but the ODB baud rate is somwhat around 8600baud and I could read
it too. I found it more important to read boost against rpm, injector duty cycle
and temperatures until the onboard protocol can be hacked easily.

I'll let you know soon more about it :)

- -----------------------------
Roger Gerl, R-Tec Switzerland
93'3000GT TwinTurbo (Animale Rosso)

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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 23:49:59 +0000
From: "R.G." <robby@swissonline.ch>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Diagnostics Port...

Kevin,

>         Blitz DSBC (maybe get some data from that unused port?)

Blitz does not give any information on this port. The MAP Analyzer conected to
this port is able to read the bosot levels and store the behavior in different
maps. Then those maps can be choosen for controlling the DSBC (M-mode).
Therefore the signals are in- and output but I wasn't able to find out anything.
I wish I'd have a data analyzer handy :)

Regards,
Roger

- -----------------------
Roger Gerl, Switzerland
93'3000GT TwinTurbo (Animale Rosso)


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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 16:01:51 -0800
From: Chris Winkley <cwinkley@plaza.ds.adp.com>
Subject: Team3S: Oil survey results

Howdy folks...

Here's the results from the data submitted between 12/20/98 and 1/10/99:

Number of responses: 25 (100%)
Model years:
1991: 4 (16%)
1992: 7 (28%)
1993: 6 (24%)
1994: 6 (24%)
1995: 1 (4%)
1996: 0 (0%)
1997: 1 (4%)
1998: 0 (0%)
1999: 0 (0%)
Number of TT/NA: 21/4 (84% TT)
Number of miles (one didn't list the miles):
under 25K: 4 (16.6%)
25K - 50K: 5 (20.8%)
50K - 75K: 8 (33.3%)
75K - 100K: 4 (16.6%)
over 100K: 3 (12.5%)
Number using synthetic/dino oil: 23/2 (92% synthetic)
Number using OEM/aftermarket filter: 15/10 (60% using OEM)
Change frequency:
3K miles or less: 17 (68%)
3K - 6K miles: 8 (32%)
Currently using oil additives: 0
Have used oil additives in the past: 5 (20%)
Observations: There were 15 cases of lifter tick described, some worse than
others. Most found the symptoms go away with higher revs, and/or synthetic
oil after a flush. One case of warranty replacement of lifters. Two of the
low mileage vehicles have been rebuilt. Several comments about how fantastic
our cars are!!!   :-)

One interesting surprise for me. Out of the nine available vehicle years,
the second generation represents 66.6%, yet 68% of the 25 respondents own
first generation vehicles (statistically would be only 33.3%). I could put
forth a number of hypotheses, but I've used enough bandwidth already.

ENJOY!!!

Looking forward...Chris

1995 Glacier Pearl White VR4 (w/HKS Super Flo intake, HKS SBOV, Predator dry
cell battery, bored and polished throttle body, Magnecore 8.5mm wires, HKS
double platinum plugs gapped at .034", GReddy PRofec A boost controller,
GReddy turbo timer, ATR downpipe and test pipe, GReddy catback exhaust,
Eibach 1" drop progressive springs)
For subscribe/unsubscribe info, our web page is http://www.bobforrest.com/Team3S.htm

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 19:14:57 -0500
From: "Bob Fontana" <bfontana@securitytechnologies.com>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Oil survey results

>
> One interesting surprise for me. Out of the nine available vehicle years,
> the second generation represents 66.6%, yet 68% of the 25 respondents own
> first generation vehicles (statistically would be only 33.3%). I could put
> forth a number of hypotheses, but I've used enough bandwidth already.

How about this one?  A large percentage of the newer models (97-99) are
currently leased by drivers who just get in and drive and who have no
particular appreciation for the car itself.  Certainly not enough to do a
WWW search to seek out fellow 3S owners.  A second owner buys the car
because of an appreciation for the car and looks on the net for a knowledge
base and stumbles on us!

- -Bob

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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 20:06:49 -0500
From: John <adams@icx.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Blitz BOV installation problem - help!

Matthews;
If I hadn't done it myself once I would know about that being a potential problem,, hehe
so we are in the boat together,, don't feel bad,, easy oversight.

John

Matthews wrote:

> John wrote:
> >
> > Just a thought,, check to make sure your MAS is plugged in.
> >
> > John
>
> Boy, that's embarrassing!
>
> Sorry about that... When I reinstalled the MAS the cable ended up
> underneath where I couldn't see it and I forgot to plug it in.  Then I
> concentrated on the BOV connections since I thought that's all that had
> changed!  What a moron.  And now my mechanical deficiencies have been
> immortalized in the list archives!  This is why I tend to avoid doing
> ANYTHING mechanical myself.  Really frustrating...
>
> THANX SO MUCH!!!!!

John Adams  91 3000GT/TT VR4 Monza Red
John's Repair Center: http://user.icx.net/~adams/repair_main.htm
My Sportscar Pages: http://user.icx.net/~adams/sportscar.htm
Florida Gathering: http://user.icx.net/~adams/flmeet.htm
Cape Cod Quickening: http://user.icx.net/~adams/quickening.htm
Atlanta Gathering: http://user.icx.net/~adams/atlanta_gathering1098.htm


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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 22:32:21 -0500
From: "Bob Rand" <rtr@vnet.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Clutch Adjustment Problems

Bob,  Shouldnt the bleeder be closed when letting the pedal out, as it will
suck air back into the system.   I was under the impression that you open
the bleeder on the downstroke to expell the air. Close it, then let the
pedal up slowly to draw fluid from the reservoir.

Bob
93 stealth TT
- -----Original Message-----
From: Bob Fontana <bfontana@securitytechnologies.com>
To: stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com <stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com>
Date: Wednesday, January 20, 1999 1:41 PM
Subject: RE: Team3S: Clutch Adjustment Problems


You just need to bleed the slave
>cylinder.  Pump the clutch rapidly a dozen times.  Then, open up the
>reservoir and bleeder screw.  Pump once and let out very slowly.  Have
>someone add fluid while you let the pedal out.  When the pedal is all the
>way out, tighten the bleeder screw.  Repeat.
http://www.bobforrest.com/Team3S.htm
>

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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 22:40:52 -0500
From: "Bob Fontana" <bfontana@securitytechnologies.com>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Clutch Adjustment Problems

Yes.  I wrote it backwards (but not on purpose).  Not the first mistake I
made today.  I'm sorry if that caused a problem.

- -Bob

> Bob,  Shouldnt the bleeder be closed when letting the pedal out,
> as it will
> suck air back into the system.   I was under the impression that you open
> the bleeder on the downstroke to expell the air. Close it, then let the
> pedal up slowly to draw fluid from the reservoir.

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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 22:55:52 -0500
From: "Bob Rand" <rtr@vnet.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Clutch Adjustment Problems

No Problem,  Just didnt want the original poster to do the air clutch mod :)

Later,  Bob
- -----Original Message-----
From: Bob Fontana <bfontana@securitytechnologies.com>
To: stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com <stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com>
Date: Wednesday, January 20, 1999 10:46 PM
Subject: RE: Team3S: Clutch Adjustment Problems


>Yes.  I wrote it backwards (but not on purpose).  Not the first mistake I
>made today.  I'm sorry if that caused a problem.
>
>-Bob
>


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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 20:17:45 -0700
From: "james berry" <fastmax@home.com>
Subject: Team3S: Fw: suspension --- springs [Barry King]

>
>
>>Mr. Kings choice of spring rates, 550 # in front and 350 # in the rear
>sounds bone rattling.
>> ------ anybody know what the stock rate is ???  I would like to
>>modify my 93 TT to handle better [ e.g.. GAB shocks and ground control
>>adjustable spring seats ] but 550 # sounds like a lot. Have you driven the
>>car yet and if so could you give me an idea of ride quality.
>>
>>Jim berry [fastmax] ---- currently bone stock, 93,  "arrest me red"
stealth.
>>fastmax@home.com
>

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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 22:42:46 -0600
From: "Brad Bedell" <bbedell@austin.rr.com>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Fw: suspension --- springs [Barry King]

FWIW: I drove a supra with 1000# springs on every corner, (with road race
tires on it)  the ride was quite surprising.    I would not worry about
550/350lb springs if you like a controlled ride.

> Brad
>
> Check out my home page:    http://lonestar.texas.net/~bbedell
> E-Mail: bbedell@austin.rr.com ICQ#  3612682


- -----Original Message-----
From: owner-stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com
[mailto:owner-stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com] On Behalf Of james berry
Sent: Wednesday, January 20, 1999 9:18 PM
To: team 3si
Subject: Team3S: Fw: suspension --- springs [Barry King]



>
>
>>Mr. Kings choice of spring rates, 550 # in front and 350 # in the rear
>sounds bone rattling.
>> ------ anybody know what the stock rate is ???  I would like to
>>modify my 93 TT to handle better [ e.g.. GAB shocks and ground control
>>adjustable spring seats ] but 550 # sounds like a lot. Have you driven the
>>car yet and if so could you give me an idea of ride quality.
>>
>>Jim berry [fastmax] ---- currently bone stock, 93,  "arrest me red"
stealth.
>>fastmax@home.com
>

For subscribe/unsubscribe info, our web page is
http://www.bobforrest.com/Team3S.htm

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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 21:56:42 -0700
From: "Barry E. King" <beking@home.com>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Fw: suspension --- springs [Barry King]

No, I have not driven the car.  Hopefully early February.  I am curious who
made the "bone rattling" assessment?  Hehe.

My advice first off is to talk to Jay at GC.  He's the man.  Stock spring
rates are around 200 lbs for the front!!  I have had motorcycles with more
spring.

Consider a touring class road course car.  Race rates are close to 1000 lbs
on the front.  Consider now that the weight of a VR4 is nearly 4000 lbs with
fluids and a driver, if not more.  Given a nearly 60/40 front to rear weight
bias that places a rather conservative 2400 lbs on the front of the car, or
1200 lbs a corner.  The 550 lb springs are starting to sound conservative
aren't they.  The fact is that 550 is still conservative.  Consumers are
used to plush cushy rides which are VERY poor at handling the car's weight
during aggressive driving.

You need to decide what you really want from the car.  If you want a cushy
ride, stick with stock or get some off the shelf springs that ride nice.
But don't expect outrageous handling at the upper extreme.  If you want
performance and a reasonable ride compromises must be made.  What can be
said?

In any case, I'd prefer to do it right.  Lowering springs are not the right
way.  Adjustable height springs are.  GC can give you adjustable height
springs with a cushy ride if you want to go that way.  Jay should be able to
help you decide what is going to work if you ask the right questions.


Regards,

Barry

> -----Original Message-----
> >>Mr. Kings choice of spring rates, 550 # in front and 350 # in the rear
> >sounds bone rattling.
> >> ------ anybody know what the stock rate is ???  I would like to
> >>modify my 93 TT to handle better [ e.g.. GAB shocks and ground control
> >>adjustable spring seats ] but 550 # sounds like a lot. Have you
> driven the
> >>car yet and if so could you give me an idea of ride quality.
> >>
> >>Jim berry [fastmax] ---- currently bone stock, 93,  "arrest me red"
> stealth.
> >>fastmax@home.com

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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 00:19:00 -0500
From: Ron Thompson <rtetetet@earthlink.net>
Subject: Team3S: Re: Well that was fun...

I was playing on the way home tonight and decided
to stick my foot into the old HP and and scoot up
the turns on the back road. There's a hard right
hander into a side road that's off camber and a
little more than 90 degrees. No braking, set up,
turn in and accelerate out under the bridge to the
next right hander, a little flatter and less than
90 degrees. WOT about 3/4's through the rear end
decides it's much faster than the front and starts
around. OK, stay in it and steer in... nope still
coming, and fast. I feel the knuckles tighten, a
pucker in the bottom of the seat, and an
uncharactoristic 'FULL' lift off the long thin
pedal on the right. Ah, are you still driving or
just watching here?(this is the part where you
laugh Darcy. But it still supports what I said.)
Well the car slides a little more then snaps back
the other way. Jees this thing's heavy. There goes
my Val 1, guess the suction cups weren't stuck.
Steer the other way and it swings back. I'm doing
this quick but, not quite got the timing. (driver
lag) Anybody done a mod for a driver BOV &
attention boost controller?
Back and forth, back and forth. Flat grass for 10'
then embankment on the right, flat grass for 30'
then ditch on the left. This could suck soon if
you haven't noticed. Hey doofas, try the pedal
again, you know traction, when in doubt gas it.
Give it gas and keep flipping the wheel and away
we go, straight up the road. Ahhhhh, muscle
tension is releasing, pulse rate stabilizing.
adrenaline after glow.

What did we learn here?
My car is too much fun.
Underwear are cheap, replace when dirty.
80% of life is paying attention.
Like most performance cars 'NEVER step all the way
off the gas.
White knuckles & butt pucker will get you into
trouble.
Your car sticks like it's on rails most of the
time, be prepared for when she let's loose, she
will and you need to drive it out.
The car is heavy and inertia pushes the car hard
when it let's loose.
This really threw the car around side to side for
a bit which leads to
over correction and throws your counter steering
timing off. hehehehe
(Especially when it takes you by surprise, then
you do something stupid)
Water on asphalt reduces traction, 'NEVER' hot dog
on cold tires.
The throttle is a steering devise, don't ignore
it.
Engage brain and attention span before turbo
boost.

Hope you liked my ride and learned something, I
did!

Ron
New driver awareness mod
96 VR4
K&N Valentine 1
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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 22:34:39 -0800
From: wce@bc.sympatico.ca
Subject: Re: Team3S: Re: Well that was fun...

Ehhhh...loved the description...damned near poetry...felt like I was there instead of
you. In fact, I'm sure it was me.

We all need this kind of graphic reminder so we don't become too comfortable with our
shiny rides. They look and handle super...but there are times when they/we can scare the
begezzers outa ourselves. Complacency is best reserved for the long snooze. Thanks again
for the super verbal graphics. The color is just creeping back into my knuckles ; )

Best

Darc



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------------------------------

Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 23:17:21 -0800
From: "Scott Alcaide" <salcaide@sprintlabs.com>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Re: Well that was fun...

A simple question - I always thought the proper move in a bad situation was
to CLUTCH, ie put no load - dragging or accelerating - on the
traction-deficient tires. And countersteer, pucker, pray, etc, but NOT press
the gas. Any comments?

- -----Original Message-----
From: owner-stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com
[mailto:owner-stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com]On Behalf Of Ron Thompson
Sent: Wednesday, January 20, 1999 9:19 PM
To: stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com
Subject: Team3S: Re: Well that was fun...


I was playing on the way home tonight and decided
to stick my foot into the old HP and and scoot up
the turns on the back road...................

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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:12:57 +0000
From: "R.G." <robby@swissonline.ch>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Re: Well that was fun...

> A simple question - I always thought the proper move in a bad situation was
> to CLUTCH, ie put no load - dragging or accelerating - on the
> traction-deficient tires. And countersteer, pucker, pray, etc, but NOT press
> the gas. Any comments?

This is correct. On the track I was able to get out of any danger swinging
situation by shortly pressing the clutch until it feels good again while keeping
the rpms over 3000. Also helping with a slight braking but still on the gas
during this situation is one of the best methods but not easy as the pedals are
not made for "heel and toe" in our cars.

Enjoy,
Roger

- -----------------------
Roger Gerl, Switzerland
93'3000GT TwinTurbo (Animale Rosso)

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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 10:24:02 +0100
From: "=?Windows-1252?Q?Mikael_=C5kesson?=" <vr4@bahnhof.se>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Re: Well that was fun...

Yes, the clutch can be a good thing to use when you are in trouble.

BUT if you use it your car handles exactly like any other car without AWD (bad). So to get the advantage that our cars have over the others then you better use it instead of the clutch.

For example if you under steer (plowing) in  a curve then just release the gas a little bit to bring the front end in (or you can use the clutch for a very short time)  and then give gas (Not WOT). this will result in more traction and stearing and the rear will swing out a bit. This way you have used the AWD instead of "disconnected" it with the clutch.

Someone said a few weeks ago that he have been testing the limits at a big parking lot. I suggest that you all go out and play on  a big parking lot tonight and you will be a much better driver tomorrow. (try to avoid the lamp posts!!!)

Mikael Akesson (driving in snow every day and love it!)

From: Scott Alcaide <salcaide@sprintlabs.com>


>A simple question - I always thought the proper move in a bad situation was
>to CLUTCH, ie put no load - dragging or accelerating - on the
>traction-deficient tires. And countersteer, pucker, pray, etc, but NOT press
>the gas. Any comments?


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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 02:33:19 -0700
From: "Barry E. King" <beking@home.com>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Re: Well that was fun...

It depends.  With an AWD vehicle and in a situation where the rears have let
loose but the fronts are still planted, applying power and judicous steering
input can bring the back end back in line.  The same technique may well not
work in a RWD vehicle however since you've already lost traction and
spinning the rears may allow the polar momentum to work against you.  Some
power to the rears in that case *may* help though as long as you don't
exceed the traction budget.  It depends on the nature of the slide, where
you are in the corner (if it is a corner), weight biasing at the time and so
on.  Steering with the throttle is key to driving very fast.

With WWD you can often get away with hanging the rear end out a LOT and
steering with the throttle since applying power and spinning the front
wheels will of course have no real negative effect on rear traction.

One thing you can do with AWD that has much less benefit with RWD or WWD is
steering with the brakes.  You can often go far deeper into a corner with
AWD and use the brakes in a similar fashion to throttle steering except in
reverse (sort of <g>) to assist in directing the car.  Attempting this with
non-AWD often ends up in locking up one corner much earlier than desired.

Personally I would only disengage the clutch under extreme situations like
perhaps glare ice.  Applying power to match wheel speed to ground speed is
best since that increases available traction and gives the driver more
options to control traction.


Regards,

Barry

> -----Original Message-----
> A simple question - I always thought the proper move in a bad
> situation was
> to CLUTCH, ie put no load - dragging or accelerating - on the
> traction-deficient tires. And countersteer, pucker, pray, etc,
> but NOT press
> the gas. Any comments?

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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 07:43:03 -0500
From: Jason Barnhart <phnxgld@erols.com>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Re: Well that was fun...

I would think the more sideways you are, the less help the clutch
would do.  In an extreme example, you could be completely sideways and
the clutch would do nothing, but gassing it may get you through the
turn.  I would also think that when fishtailing in a fwd car, or an awd
where the front it getting more torque, then gassing would get you
through the turn easier.  I'd agree that in most circumstances, clutch
would help more, but not all circumstances.

Jason

>
> > A simple question - I always thought the proper move in a bad situation was
> > to CLUTCH, ie put no load - dragging or accelerating - on the
> > traction-deficient tires. And countersteer, pucker, pray, etc, but NOT press
> > the gas. Any comments?
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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:42:03 EST
From: Aso8@aol.com
Subject: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

What's the current info on the advisability of regrinding the Cam?
I'm told new material can be added & its then reground.
Is a new Billet Cam worth the added cost?
Arty 91 VR-4
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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:53:19 EST
From: Lomcevak@aol.com
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

   I don't think there is any problem with having a cam reground - but there
is alot to be considered in changing the cam profiles. First - are you wanting
to do the intake, exhaust, or both? Do you know what results you want
(specifically - inprovement in low/ midrange torque,  increased rpm, ect ) and
also decide how much driveability you are willing to sacrifice to get it - and
do you know what the final configuration of your engine is going to be? ( ex-
making modifications to the engine such as bigger turbos or different exhaust
should be done before / along with the cams - preferably so that everything is
matched.
  Choosing a cam profile is an area where you can benifit from an experts help
- - at least someone who has done it in a similar engine / vehicle. There is
alot to be lost if the proper cam profile for your exact engine setup isn't
chosen.

   SteveC
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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 10:27:37 -0500
From: John <adams@icx.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

    I would imagine the cost of adding material (welding would be the only way) then
regrinding then re-tempering would be way more costly than buying a new cam.
    Just the re-tempering alone would be more than the price of a new cam at a secondary
market establishment.
    A lot of manufacturers today are grinding new cams out of hex stock and then they
temper them. This to me would be one less step vs welding and then regrinding and
tempering.
    I would think the only time you would go with something like that would be to set up
a cam lobe that isn't available on the open market like in a specialty engineering shop.

John

Aso8@aol.com wrote:

> What's the current info on the advisability of regrinding the Cam?
> I'm told new material can be added & its then reground.
> Is a new Billet Cam worth the added cost?
> Arty 91 VR-4
> For subscribe/unsubscribe info, our web page is http://www.bobforrest.com/Team3S.htm

- --
John Adams  91 3000GT/TT VR4 Monza Red
John's Repair Center: http://user.icx.net/~adams/repair_main.htm
My Sportscar Pages: http://user.icx.net/~adams/sportscar.htm
Florida Gathering: http://user.icx.net/~adams/flmeet.htm
Cape Cod Quickening: http://user.icx.net/~adams/quickening.htm
Atlanta Gathering: http://user.icx.net/~adams/atlanta_gathering1098.htm


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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 08:54:42 -0700
From: "Barry E. King" <beking@home.com>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

Wrong.  Regrinds can be had for $50 a stick.  New off the shelf cams for
common engines start around $150.  For cams that do not exist and must be
developed from scracth, you will pay upwards of $3000 for the first
set...Furthermore, that first set is likely not to work since said cam does
not yet exist.

This is an area researched by at least two if not more people on this list
over the last 12-18 months.  Bottom line is that it will costs a LOT of
money to develop the first set of cams that work and even subsequent sets
would be very expensive.

To top it all off, the stock cams actually work extremely well.  No
worthwhile or significant HP gains can be had without making radical cam
profile changes which would require major rework of the heads and supporting
valve train.


Regards,

Barry

> -----Original Message-----
>     I would imagine the cost of adding material (welding would be
> the only way) then
> regrinding then re-tempering would be way more costly than buying
> a new cam.
>     Just the re-tempering alone would be more than the price of a
> new cam at a secondary
> market establishment.
>     A lot of manufacturers today are grinding new cams out of hex
> stock and then they
> temper them. This to me would be one less step vs welding and
> then regrinding and
> tempering.
>     I would think the only time you would go with something like
> that would be to set up
> a cam lobe that isn't available on the open market like in a
> specialty engineering shop.
>
> John

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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 10:56:29 -0500 (EST)
From: Dennis Moore <stealth@kiva.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

I'm not sure I agree with this statement: welding isn't the only way, and
may not be the best.  HVOF-type finishes are probably suitable for this,
as they are becoming quite common in high-wear situations.  (Who's gonna
be the first to ask what HVOF is?)

HVOF is a specialized "flame-spray" metal coating, noted for it's wear
durability.  It is also "greener" than chemical coatings, like hard chrome
plating.  Also, they would require no tempering after being refinished.
One caveat, however, is the limit on how thickly you can buildup with
HVOF.  It may not be sufficient for this application.

You can also get attractive cosmetic finishes by this process.  That may
be of most interest.

Here are some web sites for more info:
http://members.aol.com/getscc/hvof.htm
http://dol1.eng.sunysb.edu/tsl/thermal/article1.html (this is a huge
document)

Hope this helps

Dennis Moore
stealth@kiva.net

Change is disruptive - but that's the point!

On Thu, 21 Jan 1999, John wrote:

>     I would imagine the cost of adding material (welding would be the
> only way) then

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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 10:24:43 -0600
From: Wayne <wala@hypertech-inc.com>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

At 09:42 AM 1/21/99 -0500, you wrote:
>I'm told new material can be added & its then reground.
>Is a new Billet Cam worth the added cost?

Companies have been regrinding cams for years. It's a reliable process that
many people have used. However, the advantage to using new blanks is, if
you choose a profile that doesnt work, you can swap them back and forth
with the originals (regrinding the former blanks) until you find a profile
that does work. You always have the originals to fall back on. Notice that
iv'e been referring to these as "blanks" vs. "billet". These days,
companies use the word billet to justify an inflated cost, because when
someone hears the word billet, the first thing that comes to mind is a
beautiful chunck of CNC (which is another acronym that translates to "lets
charge more") machined aluminum that has been anodized. Refer to them as
blanks, you might be surprised at the difference in price. A typical blank
should cost around $100, assuming blanks are even available for this engine.
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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 10:08:01 -0700
From: Andrew Brilliant <andrew@attitudeink.com>
Subject: Team3S: Re: Well that was fun...

This is what they taught us at skip barber.

If the rear of your car is braking loose aceleration will transfer
weight to the rear tires and plant them immediately.  (Trust me this
manuever has saved me many a slides in the past).  If the front is
breaking loose the opposite is true.  Braking will regain traction.  It
will make your counter-steer instant, and you will launch off in
whatever direction the wheels are facing just watch you steering angles,
when braking out of a skid.  If your skid is too far sideways they
always told us "In spin both feet in" after a going past 135 Degress let
loose in the throttle steering into the skid, 225 deg then crank the
wheel back the other way. clutch and brake again, the past 315 degrees
let loose again.  It'll pull you right out.  Try it.  We had to do it in
a dodge dakota.  It was really fun.

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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 12:23:15 -0500
From: "Bob Rand" <rtr@vnet.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

Arty,  I have some experience with cams, not on our cars, but with big block
engines in my earlier years.

1. you must profile the type of performance you want from your car ie:
    . drag strip times
    . road race
    . top end salt flats
    . all around little bit of everything

2.  Be satisfied that when you cam to the max for your desired profile that
is all you should expect from the car.  Performance in other areas will
totally suck.

3.  If you go for a full drag type grind, dont expect to be able to drive
the car on the street without the feeling that it sucks in traffic. It will
run like gold for that 10 sec at the track, but all who ride with you in the
street will think your car needs a tune up.

4.  If the grinds dont exist for your profile, expect to try and try till
you get what you want. Build a relationship with a shop that wants to sell
what you test or get your wallet out.

5. All in all, I would rate the stock cams in our cars as very good. They
produce a nice wide band of performance.

6. Plan on spending money for the valve train, as you push the edge on
duration and lift, you have to close those valves with "authority". This
requires stouter springs and retainers least you suck the valve. If these
upgrades dont exist for these engines you can plan on spending more money to
have the upgrade manufactured.

7. Work out your total design criteria on paper first so you can evaluate
all the associated costs to get what you want. When you implement cam
changes, you envolve the entire engines valve, compression, rpm range and
fuel system.

Good luck,

Bob
- -----Original Message-----
From: Aso8@aol.com <Aso8@aol.com>
To: stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com <stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com>
Cc: Aso8@aol.com <Aso8@aol.com>
Date: Thursday, January 21, 1999 9:43 AM
Subject: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.


>What's the current info on the advisability of regrinding the Cam?
>I'm told new material can be added & its then reground.
>Is a new Billet Cam worth the added cost?
>Arty 91 VR-4
>For subscribe/unsubscribe info, our web page is
http://www.bobforrest.com/Team3S.htm
>

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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 13:18:32 -0500
From: John <adams@icx.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

Interesting. I have never had any experience with a regrind. At $50 a stick it would be
worthwhile. I suppose you are referring to original regrind with same lobes. What do
they build them up with? Like I said, I imagined. I am picturing in my mind a person
building up the lobe with a weld. This would not be done quickly and labor is after all
money. I would also imagine having that much welding done as costing over $50 by itself.
Then, welding removes temper, so they must be heated and tempered to the correct
Rockwell or they would wear quickly. The process must be different than I am imagining,
enlighten me.

John

"Barry E. King" wrote:

> Wrong.  Regrinds can be had for $50 a stick.  New off the shelf cams for
> common engines start around $150.  For cams that do not exist and must be
> developed from scracth, you will pay upwards of $3000 for the first
> set...Furthermore, that first set is likely not to work since said cam does
> not yet exist.
>
> This is an area researched by at least two if not more people on this list
> over the last 12-18 months.  Bottom line is that it will costs a LOT of
> money to develop the first set of cams that work and even subsequent sets
> would be very expensive.
>
> To top it all off, the stock cams actually work extremely well.  No
> worthwhile or significant HP gains can be had without making radical cam
> profile changes which would require major rework of the heads and supporting
> valve train.
>
> Regards,
>
> Barry
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> >     I would imagine the cost of adding material (welding would be
> > the only way) then
> > regrinding then re-tempering would be way more costly than buying
> > a new cam.
> >     Just the re-tempering alone would be more than the price of a
> > new cam at a secondary
> > market establishment.
> >     A lot of manufacturers today are grinding new cams out of hex
> > stock and then they
> > temper them. This to me would be one less step vs welding and
> > then regrinding and
> > tempering.
> >     I would think the only time you would go with something like
> > that would be to set up
> > a cam lobe that isn't available on the open market like in a
> > specialty engineering shop.
> >
> > John
>
> For subscribe/unsubscribe info, our web page is http://www.bobforrest.com/Team3S.htm

- --

John Adams  91 3000GT/TT VR4 Monza Red
John's Repair Center: http://user.icx.net/~adams/repair_main.htm
My Sportscar Pages: http://user.icx.net/~adams/sportscar.htm
Florida Gathering: http://user.icx.net/~adams/flmeet.htm
Cape Cod Quickening: http://user.icx.net/~adams/quickening.htm
Atlanta Gathering: http://user.icx.net/~adams/atlanta_gathering1098.htm


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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 13:23:21 -0500
From: John <adams@icx.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

It sounds like you are not quite sure HVOF would work, so we can't consider it unless we
know for a fact it does. What other process were you thinking of that made you think
welding wasn't the only answer. Plating would also take many coats, so what else?

John

Dennis Moore wrote:

> I'm not sure I agree with this statement: welding isn't the only way, and
> may not be the best.  HVOF-type finishes are probably suitable for this,
> as they are becoming quite common in high-wear situations.  (Who's gonna
> be the first to ask what HVOF is?)
>
> HVOF is a specialized "flame-spray" metal coating, noted for it's wear
> durability.  It is also "greener" than chemical coatings, like hard chrome
> plating.  Also, they would require no tempering after being refinished.
> One caveat, however, is the limit on how thickly you can buildup with
> HVOF.  It may not be sufficient for this application.
>
> You can also get attractive cosmetic finishes by this process.  That may
> be of most interest.
>
> Here are some web sites for more info:
> http://members.aol.com/getscc/hvof.htm
> http://dol1.eng.sunysb.edu/tsl/thermal/article1.html (this is a huge
> document)

- --

John Adams  91 3000GT/TT VR4 Monza Red
John's Repair Center: http://user.icx.net/~adams/repair_main.htm
My Sportscar Pages: http://user.icx.net/~adams/sportscar.htm
Florida Gathering: http://user.icx.net/~adams/flmeet.htm
Cape Cod Quickening: http://user.icx.net/~adams/quickening.htm
Atlanta Gathering: http://user.icx.net/~adams/atlanta_gathering1098.htm


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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 13:41:43 -0500
From: John <adams@icx.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

- --------------2ADA0E5DFC3744D23F8CB462
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

In checking out the page on HVOF, (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) It isn't a coating but a
process for applying coatings, much the same as compressed air is used for sandblasting with
the injection (by vacuum in this case) sand. In comparison to LVOF it can spray thicker
coatings, however it makes no mention of cams. It goes on to say both processes can spray
any type of coating as long as it doesn't decompose before melting. The powder is injected
into the stream using high pressure. It seems like a new process and probably is pretty
expensive till it becomes more widely used.

John


> Dennis Moore wrote:
>
> > I'm not sure I agree with this statement: welding isn't the only way, and
> > may not be the best.  HVOF-type finishes are probably suitable for this,
> > as they are becoming quite common in high-wear situations.  (Who's gonna
> > be the first to ask what HVOF is?)
> >
> > HVOF is a specialized "flame-spray" metal coating, noted for it's wear
> > durability.  It is also "greener" than chemical coatings, like hard chrome
> > plating.  Also, they would require no tempering after being refinished.
> > One caveat, however, is the limit on how thickly you can buildup with
> > HVOF.  It may not be sufficient for this application.
> >
> > You can also get attractive cosmetic finishes by this process.  That may
> > be of most interest.
> >
> > Here are some web sites for more info:
> > http://members.aol.com/getscc/hvof.htm
> > http://dol1.eng.sunysb.edu/tsl/thermal/article1.html (this is a huge
> > document)
>
>
> For subscribe/unsubscribe info, our web page is http://www.bobforrest.com/Team3S.htm

- --

John Adams  91 3000GT/TT VR4 Monza Red
John's Repair Center: http://user.icx.net/~adams/repair_main.htm
My Sportscar Pages: http://user.icx.net/~adams/sportscar.htm
Florida Gathering: http://user.icx.net/~adams/flmeet.htm
Cape Cod Quickening: http://user.icx.net/~adams/quickening.htm
Atlanta Gathering: http://user.icx.net/~adams/atlanta_gathering1098.htm


- --------------2ADA0E5DFC3744D23F8CB462
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
In checking out the page on HVOF, (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) It isn't
a coating but a process for applying coatings, much the same as compressed
air is used for sandblasting with the injection (by vacuum in this case)
sand. In comparison to LVOF it can spray thicker coatings, however it makes
no mention of cams. It goes on to say both processes can spray any type
of coating as long as it doesn't decompose before melting. The powder is
injected into the stream using high pressure. It seems like a new process
and probably is pretty expensive till it becomes more widely used.
<p>John
<br>&nbsp;
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>Dennis Moore wrote:
<p>> I'm not sure I agree with this statement: welding isn't the only way,
and
<br>> may not be the best.&nbsp; HVOF-type finishes are probably suitable
for this,
<br>> as they are becoming quite common in high-wear situations.&nbsp;
(Who's gonna
<br>> be the first to ask what HVOF is?)
<br>>
<br>> HVOF is a specialized "flame-spray" metal coating, noted for it's
wear
<br>> durability.&nbsp; It is also "greener" than chemical coatings, like
hard chrome
<br>> plating.&nbsp; Also, they would require no tempering after being
refinished.
<br>> One caveat, however, is the limit on how thickly you can buildup
with
<br>> HVOF.&nbsp; It may not be sufficient for this application.
<br>>
<br>> You can also get attractive cosmetic finishes by this process.&nbsp;
That may
<br>> be of most interest.
<br>>
<br>> Here are some web sites for more info:
<br>> <a href="http://members.aol.com/getscc/hvof.htm">http://members.aol.com/getscc/hvof.htm</a>
<br>> <a href="http://dol1.eng.sunysb.edu/tsl/thermal/article1.html">http://dol1.eng.sunysb.edu/tsl/thermal/article1.html</a>
(this is a huge
<br>> document)
<br><a href="http://user.icx.net/~adams/atlanta_gathering1098.htm"></a>&nbsp;
<p>For subscribe/unsubscribe info, our web page is <a href="http://www.bobforrest.com/Team3S.htm">http://www.bobforrest.com/Team3S.htm</a></blockquote>

<p>--
<p>John Adams&nbsp; 91 3000GT/TT VR4 Monza Red
<br>John's Repair Center: <A HREF="http://user.icx.net/~adams/repair_main.htm">http://user.icx.net/~adams/repair_main.htm</A>
<br>My Sportscar Pages: <A HREF="http://user.icx.net/~adams/sportscar.htm">http://user.icx.net/~adams/sportscar.htm</A>
<br>Florida Gathering: <A HREF="http://user.icx.net/~adams/flmeet.htm">http://user.icx.net/~adams/flmeet.htm</A>
<br>Cape Cod Quickening: <A HREF="http://user.icx.net/~adams/quickening.htm">http://user.icx.net/~adams/quickening.htm</A>
<br>Atlanta Gathering: <A HREF="http://user.icx.net/~adams/atlanta_gathering1098.htm">http://user.icx.net/~adams/atlanta_gathering1098.htm</A>
<br>&nbsp;</html>

- --------------2ADA0E5DFC3744D23F8CB462--

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------------------------------

Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 20:04:20 +0100
From: Kevin Clark <Kevin.Clark@hnz.co.nz>
Subject: Team3S: Which could it be: Clutch or Trans...

Hmm... Was running low on the good stuff (gas) and decided
to head into a petrol station.  On my way in I notice a
fairly audible BANG! and seem to have lost all gears...

I had the clutch checked less than a week ago (with the
standard warrentee service check).

The car will not move.  Whenever I attempt to shift into
gear (1st, 2nd, 3rd) to get the thing rolling all I hear
is a horrible combination of scraping/grinding (no movement).

Needless to say the car is currently sitting out side the
local Mitsi dealer (after having to insist on a flatbed).

They will not have time to look at it for a while, but what
could I be expecting to find?  I would have throught it was
the clutch assembly as it has taken out all gears...

Any thoughts

Cheers,
Kevin Clark
'91 GTO-VR4   <--  Currently slowest in the country  :(
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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 14:26:55 -0500
From: "Bob Fontana" <bfontana@securitytechnologies.com>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Which could it be: Clutch or Trans...

4 things that have gone BANG on my car, disabling it at one time or another:

  1. Grenaded transfer case
  2. Stripped output shaft
  3. Busted pressure plate
  4. Busted flywheel

#1 or #2 are the most likely.

- -Bob

'93 VR-4 NGK BCPR6ES copper plugs gapped .032 /
hole-blown-in-rear-timing-cover mod

> Hmm... Was running low on the good stuff (gas) and decided
> to head into a petrol station.  On my way in I notice a
> fairly audible BANG! and seem to have lost all gears...
>
> I had the clutch checked less than a week ago (with the
> standard warrentee service check).
>
> The car will not move.  Whenever I attempt to shift into
> gear (1st, 2nd, 3rd) to get the thing rolling all I hear
> is a horrible combination of scraping/grinding (no movement).

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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 13:40:18 -0600
From: "David B. Kopacz" <kopacz@vss.fsi.com>
Subject: Team3S: Question Concerning "Well that was fun..."

Great story, Ron.

But just to satisfy my morbid curiosity... What kind of tires do you
have on that beast?


David

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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 13:41:35 -0600
From: "David B. Kopacz" <kopacz@vss.fsi.com>
Subject: Team3S: Another Question Concerning "Well that was fun..."

On Thursday, January 21, 1999,
Barry E. King [beking@home.com] writes:

BEK> With WWD you can often get away with hanging the rear end out a
BEK> LOT and steering with the throttle since applying power and
BEK> spinning the front wheels will of course have no real negative
BEK> effect on rear traction.

BEK> One thing you can do with AWD that has much less benefit with
BEK> RWD or WWD is steering with the brakes.

Barry,

Pardon my ignorance, but what's WWD?

Thanks!


David

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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 12:48:50 -0700
From: "Barry E. King" <beking@home.com>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Another Question Concerning "Well that was fun..."

Hehe.  S'okay.

"Wrong Wheel Drive" which is what some people call FWD (Front Wheel Drive)
configurations.  Also, transversely mounted engines are sometimes referred
to as being "mounted the wrong way".


Regards,

Barry

> -----Original Message-----
> On Thursday, January 21, 1999,
> Barry E. King [beking@home.com] writes:
>
> BEK> With WWD you can often get away with hanging the rear end out a
> BEK> LOT and steering with the throttle since applying power and
> BEK> spinning the front wheels will of course have no real negative
> BEK> effect on rear traction.
>
> BEK> One thing you can do with AWD that has much less benefit with
> BEK> RWD or WWD is steering with the brakes.
>
> Barry,
>
> Pardon my ignorance, but what's WWD?
>
> Thanks!
>
>
> David

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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 11:55:30 -0800
From: Yoss <yoss@aracnet.com>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Another Question Concerning "Well that was fun..."

On Jan 21, Barry E. King said:
> Hehe.  S'okay.
>
> "Wrong Wheel Drive" which is what some people call FWD (Front Wheel Drive)
> configurations.  Also, transversely mounted engines are sometimes referred
> to as being "mounted the wrong way".

Aren't they mounted that way so power could be transferred to the driving
wheels in an easy manner?  I guess the VR-4 coulda gone either way, but the
SL/Base/RT cars are better-off mounted the wrong way.  right?

The NSX has a transverse-mounted engine.  Hm...dunno about the Porsche.

- -sankar

- --
*******************************************************************************
Improve a mechanical device and you may double productivity.  But
  improve man, you gain a thousandfold.
    -- Khan Noonian Singh, "Space Seed," stardate 3142.8.
*******************************************************************************
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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 14:45:43 EST
From: GC3000GT@aol.com
Subject: Re: Team3S: Which could it be: Clutch or Trans...

In a message dated 1/21/99 11:00:26 AM Pacific Standard Time,
Kevin.Clark@hnz.co.nz writes:

<< The car will not move.  Whenever I attempt to shift into
 gear (1st, 2nd, 3rd) to get the thing rolling all I hear
 is a horrible combination of scraping/grinding (no movement). >>


This happened to me when they first installed my new clutch.  They said "Ok,
car's all set!  Come one down".  Well - after I paid them the $800 for the new
clutch, I attempted to drive away, and couldn't get into gear.  I heard
probably the same grinding and scraping noise you're hearing.  They said it
was a mis-alligned cylinder rod.  Thats all I know.  They fixed it within a
half hour. 

Hope this helped,
Gregg
http://members.tripod.com/gcouture/3000GT
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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 14:57:36 EST
From: Lomcevak@aol.com
Subject: Re: Team3S: Another Question Concerning "Well that was fun..."

In a message dated 99-01-21 14:49:13 EST, you write:

<< "Wrong Wheel Drive" which is what some people call FWD (Front Wheel Drive)
 configurations.  Also, transversely mounted engines are sometimes referred
 to as being "mounted the wrong way".
  >>

 WWD (wrong wheel drive) is also sometimes reffered to as ALIHSWD (at least it
has some-wheel-drive) by AWD owners waiting on Getrag parts.

  SteveC
  '91 3000GT SL
 
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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 15:06:02 -0500 (EST)
From: Dennis Moore <stealth@kiva.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

I've never rebuilt/redesigned a cam for an automotive engine, so I'm not
intimate with *every* consideration for that application.  I *have*
redesigned hydraulic motor shaft seal interfaces, where high pressures,
high contamination, high corrosion, and infrequent operation of the
systems were involved.  We changed to an HVOF metal surface, and
dramatically improved the life expectancy of the motors.

We assessed and dismissed weld-cladding, hard-chrome plating, and ceramic
coating.

HVOF is being used for ship-shafts, jet engine components, and other
high-temp/high-stress applications, so it can't be dismissed out of hand
for use on cams.

To be blunt, I have no personal plans to change my cams, so I'm not
particularily interested in doing a lot of research into whether or not
HVOF is workable for this application.  I merely offered it as an
alternative for someone who *is* getting ready to dive into cam upgrades.

Hope it helps.

Dennis Moore
stealth@kiva.net

Change is disruptive - but that's the point!

On Thu, 21 Jan 1999, John wrote:

> It sounds like you are not quite sure HVOF would work, so we can't
> consider it unless we know for a fact it does. What other process were
> you thinking of that made you think welding wasn't the only answer.
> Plating would also take many coats, so what else?
>
> John
>
> Dennis Moore wrote:
>
> > I'm not sure I agree with this statement: welding isn't the only way, and
> > may not be the best.  HVOF-type finishes are probably suitable for this,
> > as they are becoming quite common in high-wear situations.  (Who's gonna
> > be the first to ask what HVOF is?)
> >
> [snip]

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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 12:05:50 -0800
From: wce@bc.sympatico.ca
Subject: Re: Team3S: Another Question Concerning "Well that was fun..."

Hey Barry;

I wouldn't bite. Someone did. You should get an admin warning for suckering people : ) :
) ; )

Darc

Barry E. King wrote:

> Hehe.  S'okay.
>
> "Wrong Wheel Drive" which is what some people call FWD (Front Wheel Drive)
> configurations.  Also, transversely mounted engines are sometimes referred
> to as being "mounted the wrong way".



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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 15:09:11 -0500 (EST)
From: Dennis Moore <stealth@kiva.net>
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

Actually, it's not particularily new, nor expensive.  In fact, it's
generally less than hard-chrome plating.

Dennis Moore
stealth@kiva.net

Change is disruptive - but that's the point!

On Thu, 21 Jan 1999, John wrote:
[snip]
> powder is injected into the stream using high pressure. It seems like a
> new process and probably is pretty expensive till it becomes more widely
> used.
[snip]

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Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 18:19:39 -0500
From: Brian Danley <bcdmad@concentric.net>
Subject: RE: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

John, Please leave post like this off our list.  Ideas come from people
thinking together for a common goal.  If you would like to belittle someone
for there Idea .. please take it to the Dragnet list.

I hate sorting through mail that puts down ideas of others.

Brian

AKA Gammara

- -----Original Message-----
From: John [SMTP:adams@icx.net]
Sent: Thursday, January 21, 1999 1:23 PM
To: stealth-3000gt@list.sirius.com
Subject: Re: Team3S: Regrinding the Cam pros & con question.

It sounds like you are not quite sure HVOF would work, so we can't consider
it unless we
know for a fact it does. What other process were you thinking of that made
you think
welding wasn't the only answer. Plating would also take many coats, so what
else?

John



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